Menstrual Cycle Overview
The cornerstone of women’s health - the menstrual cycle, overview and week one
Why use Chinese medicine and acupuncture to improve women’s health and fertility? Because this system of medicine addresses the whole body and can successfully address both symptoms and underlying causes of fertility issues. Acupuncture has been shown in research studies to improve blood flow to the uterus and ovaries. And this is the only known technique to do this.
Generally a woman’s cycle lasts 28 days - from day 1, where bleeding begins, to day 28, when the next period starts again, if conception has not occurred. You might notice that a menstrual cycle is also roughly the same amount of time as a moon cycle, from new to full moon, and that it covers exactly a four week period. Now, a woman might have a longer or shorter cycle than 28 days, and that may or may not be an issue if she is trying to conceive. A cycle that is one or two days shorter or longer does not mean you cannot get pregnant, but one that is much shorter or longer than that may be part of the problem with conception, if you are having trouble.
This blog series is designed to help you understand what is happening in your body each week of the menstrual cycle. Also it is good to know how to best help yourself and your reproductive health and be empowered about choices and advice you get from any medical professional regarding this part of your body.
Week 1- the oft dreaded period, also called the follicular/proliferation/estrogenic or yin phase.
For many women this can be one of the worst weeks of the month (second for some only to the week before, when symptoms of PMS strike). There’s a lot of solutions marketed to women to deal with menstrual problems (primarily over the counter medicine) which can help, but really they only deal with the symptoms of the issue, and are not actually treating the cause of the problem. There’s nothing wrong with symptom reduction - but wouldn’t you prefer to have both symptom relief and resolution of the cause? Especially as the resolution would mean increased overall health, not just a reduction in issues.
During this part of the cycle:
- bleeding begins the cycle on day 1, where the endometrium (lining of the uterus) sheds and bleeding occurs.
- any issues at this time - cramps, clotting, blood flow stopping and starting, are clues and describe a woman’s state of Qi and Blood flow (something your acupuncturist is very interested in knowing as it could have implications for infertility).
- also around day 1 of the cycle, in the ovaries a dominant follicle begins to grow (as well as the eggs inside of it) and prepare for ovulation. Over the next two weeks this follicle will grow to 50 times its original size when it is fully mature.
- estrogen is dominant in this part of the cycle - which helps to grow a new endometrium. This is why we refer to this part of the cycle as the yin phase, as blood and yin are flourishing and rebuilding the endometrium. The onset of the period is a hormone neutral time, however, with very little estrogen or progesterone.
- at the end of the follicular phase a surge of hormones triggers ovulation (Lutenizing Hormone or LH and Follicle Stimulating Hormone or FSH), and the dominant follicle breaks open and releases an egg into the abdominal cavity, which is swept up by the ends of the Fallopian tube into the tube and uterus.
How can you support your body through this phase of the menstrual cycle :
- with bleeding, or pain, use a warm topical compress, either a heating pad or a water bottle, on the lower abdomen or back. Heat relaxes blood vessels which allows for easier movement of blood through the lower abdomen.
- during the first half of the cycle (days 1-14) adding 1 tablespoon ground flax seeds and 1 tablespoon ground pumpkin seeds to your diet encourages a healthy level of estrogen in the body.
- Chinese herbal formulas that are helpful at this time include Tao Hong Si Wu Tang, Ba Zhen Tang, or Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, depending on your particular pattern. If you have a heavy painful period, or late ovulation, Tao Hong Si Wu Tang can be helpful. If you are older, Liu Wei Di Huang Wan can help build yin, or Ba Zhen Tang can help replenish the blood lost during menses.
- this is the time of the month to focus on rest, especially during menses.
- eat foods high in omega fatty acids, or take a supplement of fish oil, or cold pressed flax oil which boost yin and blood in the body, and reduce inflammation.
- Supplements to consider adding to your regimen include DIM (d-indolymethane), a high quality multivitamin that does supplement iron, folic acid, B6, and COQ10. All of these are very important for women’s health and fertility.
Acupuncture treatment during menses and the first week of the cycle focuses on two objectives - to help the uterine lining shed more easily and encourage the flow of blood, and subsequently to help begin the process of building up the lining once again, in preparation for ovulation and potential implantation of a fertilized egg. Also during this time treatment supports ovarian health and blood flow to the ovaries.
If you are hoping to get pregnant, it does help to monitor your temperature daily. This is easy to do, but it requires dedication and commitment to taking your temperature at the same time every day. Following this guideline provides the most accurate data.
These are great starting points for any woman to use for enhanced fertility and reduced menstrual issues. This is only one week, though, and what happens the rest of the month can also impact fertility significantly. The next three blogs in this series will continue to address the rest of the cycle and how to take care of your body during each of these weeks.








